Uterine Artery Embolization for Fibroids

Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat uterine fibroids, which are non-cancerous growths in the uterus. UAE involves blocking the blood vessels that supply the fibroids, causing them to shrink and relieve the symptoms associated with fibroids, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure.

What Is It?

Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) is a procedure in which tiny particles are injected into the uterine arteries, the blood vessels that supply blood to the fibroids. By cutting off the blood supply to the fibroids, they begin to shrink, leading to a reduction in the size of the fibroids and a decrease in symptoms. UAE is often used for women who wish to avoid surgery or those who are not candidates for traditional surgical treatments.

Why It Is Done:

• To treat symptoms of fibroids: UAE is used to treat symptoms caused by fibroids, including heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, frequent urination, or abdominal bloating.
• As an alternative to surgery: For women who wish to avoid surgery, UAE offers a non-surgical option that is effective in treating fibroids without the need for a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).
• For women who want to preserve fertility: Unlike a hysterectomy, UAE preserves the uterus, making it an option for women who wish to maintain their fertility or avoid the complete removal of the uterus.

How It Works:

1. Preparation: The patient is given local anesthesia and a mild sedative to ensure comfort during the procedure. A catheter is inserted into the femoral artery in the groin or wrist.
2. Procedure: Using real-time imaging (such as X-ray), the doctor guides the catheter through the blood vessels to the uterine arteries that supply the fibroids. Tiny particles are then injected into these arteries to block blood flow to the fibroids.
3. Post-procedure: The blocked blood supply causes the fibroids to shrink over time, reducing symptoms. The patient is monitored for a short period after the procedure, and most women can go home the same day or the following day.

Benefits:

• Minimally invasive: UAE is performed through small incisions and requires no major surgery, reducing recovery time and complications compared to traditional surgery.
• Effective symptom relief: UAE can significantly reduce or eliminate the symptoms caused by fibroids, such as heavy bleeding and pelvic pain.
• Preserves the uterus: Unlike hysterectomy, UAE preserves the uterus, making it suitable for women who may want to retain their fertility.
• Faster recovery: Since UAE is less invasive than surgery, most patients can return to normal activities more quickly, often within a week.
• Long-term results: The procedure provides long-term relief from fibroid symptoms, and the fibroids typically shrink over time, leading to continued symptom improvement.